昔者,有虞氏贵德而尚齿,夏后氏贵爵而尚齿,殷人贵富而尚齿,周人贵亲而尚齿。虞夏殷周,天下之盛王也,未有遗年者。年之贵乎天下,久矣;次乎事亲也。是故朝廷同爵则尚齿。七十杖于朝,君问则席。八十不俟朝,君问则就之,而弟达乎朝廷矣。行,肩而不并,不错则随。见老者,则车徒辟;斑白者不以其任行乎道路,而弟达乎道路矣。居乡以齿,而老穷不遗,强不犯弱,众不暴寡,而弟达乎州巷矣。古之道,五十不为甸徒,颁禽隆诸长者,而弟达乎搜狩矣。军旅什伍,同爵则尚齿,而弟达乎军旅矣。孝弟发诸朝廷,行乎道路,至乎州巷,放乎搜狩,修乎军旅,众以义死之,而弗敢犯也。 殷仲堪既為荊州,值水儉,食常五碗盤,外無余肴。飯粒脫落盤席閑,輒拾以啖之。雖欲率物,亦緣其性真素。每語子弟雲:“勿以我受任方州,雲我豁平昔時意。今吾處之不易。貧者士之常,焉得登枝而捐其本?爾曹其存之!” |
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